JADA:儿时多吃粗粮能降低心脏病风险
2011-12-12 MedSci原创 MedSci原创
如今的宝宝们喜吃甜食、鸡鸭鱼肉、饮料,而对粗粮蔬菜却不喜欢,小小年纪就血压高、血糖高,为了宝宝有一个健康的未来,从小就应培养吃粗粮果蔬的好习惯。 据路透社报道,《美国糖尿病协会杂志》刊登美国密歇根州立大学一项最新研究发现,儿童多吃富含纤维素的蔬菜和全谷物等食物,有助于降低日后心脏病危险。 新研究对2000多名12~19岁的美国孩子的饮食及其代谢综合征的症状进行了研究。这些症状包括:高血压、高血
如今的宝宝们喜吃甜食、鸡鸭鱼肉、饮料,而对粗粮蔬菜却不喜欢,小小年纪就血压高、血糖高,为了宝宝有一个健康的未来,从小就应培养吃粗粮果蔬的好习惯。
据路透社报道,《美国糖尿病协会杂志》刊登美国密歇根州立大学一项最新研究发现,儿童多吃富含纤维素的蔬菜和全谷物等食物,有助于降低日后心脏病危险。
新研究对2000多名12~19岁的美国孩子的饮食及其代谢综合征的症状进行了研究。这些症状包括:高血压、高血糖、高血脂、好胆固醇水平过低及腰围过粗等。结果发现,在纤维素摄入量最低(每1千卡路里食物中纤维素不足3克)的孩子中,危险为9%,而摄入纤维素最多(每1千卡路里食物中纤维素至少11克)的孩子中,危险仅为3%。
卡尔森建议,要使儿童心脏更健康,每天应该吃3份水果、3份蔬菜和2份全谷食物。(生物谷Bioon.com)
doi:10.1016/j.jada.2011.08.008
Dietary Fiber and Nutrient Density Are Inversely Associated with the Metabolic Syndrome in US Adolescents
Joseph J. Carlson, PhD, RD, Joey C. Eisenmann, PhD, Gregory J. Norman, PhD, Karen A. Ortiz, MD, Paul C. Young, MD
Background:There is no consensus as to whether low dietary intakes of saturated fat or cholesterol, or high intakes of dietary fiber are related to a lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adolescent children.ObjectiveTo determine whether a fiber-rich diet as measured by a fiber index (grams fiber/1,000 kcal) is associated with lower rates of MetS among adolescents vs a diet low in saturated fat or cholesterol as measured by a saturated fat index (grams saturated fat/1,000 kcal) and a cholesterol index (milligrams cholesterol/1,000 kcal), respectively.Design/participants/setting. Cross-sectional analysis of 12- to 19-year-old boys and girls (N=2,128) who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2002.Outcomes and statistical analyses:The prevalence of MetS (abnormal values of three or more of the following: waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and glucose) was compared across quintiles of the dietary indexes (fiber index, saturated fat index, and cholesterol index) derived from 24-hour recalls. χ2 tests determined the prevalence across dietary quintiles, and multivariate logistic regression evaluated the association of the dietary indexes with MetS. Weighted analyses were used controlling for sex, age, ethnicity, and family income. Significance was set at P≤0.05.Results:The overall prevalence of MetS was 6.4% (n=138). There was a graded inverse association between the fiber index and MetS (P<0.001) with a threefold difference between the lowest and highest quintiles (9.2% vs 3.1%). Each quintile increase in the fiber index was associated with a ∼20% decrease in MetS (adjusted odds ratio 0.83, 95% confidence interval 0.68-1.00; P≤0.043). Neither the saturated fat index (P=0.87) nor the cholesterol index (P=0.22) was significantly associated with MetS.Conclusions:Higher intakes of dietary fiber, but not low intakes of saturated fat or cholesterol are related to the MetS in adolescents. These findings suggest that to reduce the risks for MetS in adolescents, it is more important to emphasize a paradigm that promotes the inclusion of fiber-rich, nutrient-dense, plant-based foods vs what foods to restrict or exclude as is commonly done when the focus is on total fat, cholesterol, or saturated fat intake.
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